Each branch of the government plays an important role in providing for the countrys citizens by creating laws and policies that are meant to make the living standards of the citizens better and provide them with safety and rights. Looking into the future, the path for China-U.S. cooperation will become more tortuous owing to the nationalist ideological struggle triggered by the coronavirus. Shanghainese are up-to-date on the newest trends, whereas Beijingers prefer Qing Dynasty fashion. The political system of China has been operational since its establishment for 50 years. The U.S. also repeatedly provoked China using freedom and democracy as a pretext. Hence the old joke that Chinas definition of a win-win scenario is one in which China wins twice. In fact, China is the only G20 country to have posted positive growth. In a speech in 2000 former U.S. President Bill Clinton declared, By joining the WTO, China is not simply agreeing to import more of our products, it is agreeing to import one of democracys most cherished values: economic freedom. They make three plausible but false assumptions: Democracy is an inevitable consequence of economic development; authoritarian regimes are never seen as legitimate; and the Chinese think, behave, and invest much like anyone in the West. Responding, however, will only escalate a lose-lose war, and the entire international community will suffer as a result. Given the unique features of China's political and economic system, the government can directly affect the carbon market . In Charting China's Future (pp. The well-being and economic development is another key branch of a political system that affects business operations (Solinger, 2016). However, both states have a very different political landscape, which is what will be discussed in the paper today. Citizen engagement is a necessary facet of not just American politics but also a democratic state. Countries with command economic systems are now changing their laws to become democratic and allow free-enterprise after realizing benefits it can bring in (Cavusgil, Ghauri & Akcal, 2012). But defaults and bankruptcies are common in a market economy. Trumps trade war was an abject failure. Even in Beijing many people wore Mao suits and cycled everywhere; only senior Chinese Communist Party (CCP) officials used cars. This is a natural outcome of the decline in U.S. strength. It continues apace. . The elite theory focuses on the notion that only a select group of people actually run the government, which are considered elite, while the pluralist theory states that political power is rather shared between the influencing parties. In much Western analysis the verb most commonly attached to Chinas reforms is stalled. The truth is that political reform in China hasnt stalled. Many people have wrongly assumed that political freedom would follow new economic freedoms in China and that its economic growth would have to be built on the same foundations as in the West. These are the reforms China is makingand they need to be understood on their own terms, not simply as a distorted or deficient version of a liberal model. (2016). The benefits are both financial (for example, access to mortgage loans) and social (permission to buy a ticket on one of the new high-speed trains). The complete Spotlight package is available in a single reprint. The PRC isn't just pragmatic, but also respectful towards all of its partners. Provide your email for sample delivery, You agree to receive our emails and consent to our Terms & Conditions. And what is it that the Chinese dont understand about the United States? The geographic location of a country, its educational, political and legal systems plays a key role in the economic well-being of a country. In other words, it's actually the U.S. that's an ideologically driven state and not China, unlike what the Western mainstream media has falsely claimed in recent years. The logic of national identification is rough and simple under this construct: Because it is China, I oppose it; the WHO endorses China, so I oppose the WHO; CNN gave positive coverage of China, so I oppose CNN. In context, the United States should be more pluralistic as it prides itself to be a melting pot, but it can be considered more of an elitist democracy. Some of its technological successes have been driven by market forces: People wanted to buy goods or communicate more easily, and the likes of Alibaba and Tencent have helped them do just that. China is also Apples biggest market for iPhones: It has about twice as many iPhone users as the United States does. However, it is important to compare and contrast countries to see which policies are working in the best way and what can be changed. Although murdering babies and elderly with medical sanctions in multiple too left . (2022, May 17). And the narrative has had some powerful supporters. Whatever its intentions may be, there's no longer any denying that the Biden administration has double standards towards diversity at home and abroad, which hints at ulterior motives towards one, the other, or perhaps both of these approaches. For instance, a business that wants to invest in China from the US, it must be prepared for more restrictions and should not expect Chines courts to consider the condition that leads to a certain situation since their law does not permit this. Politicians and business leaders continue to misread Chinas strategy and politics. They still blame foreign interference for many of their misfortunes, even if it occurred more than a century ago. Globalization has numerous benefits among them promoting the economy of a country but at the same time, it is faced with several obstacles. Today he is the CEO of PAG, a $40 billion private equity firm based in Hong Kong. The old imperial bureaucracy helps modern Chinese to make the government started on more efficient point to absorb interest than any other countries (King, F. J., The United States and China Fourth Edition, 1979, Simmons-Harris Comparative Politics Constitutional Powers Successful Pressure Groups UK and US Constitution Foundations of American Democracy Amendments After the Bill of Rights Articles of Confederation Brutus Papers Checks and Balances Commerce Clause Concurrent Powers Confederation Constitutional Amendment Process Contract with America Time is money, in other words. Many Chinese not only dont believe that democracy is necessary for economic success but do believe that their form of government is legitimate and effective. In the political system of the United States, Democrats are largely associated with liberalism (a political philosophy based on belief in progress) while Republicans are associated with conservatism (a political philosophy based on tradition and social stability). The basic structures of both legal system are extremely similar. The . Westerners failure to appreciate this explains why many still expect China to reduce its role as investor, regulator, and, especially, intellectual property owner when that role is in fact seen as essential by the Chinese government. The task, in both China and the West, is to reduce the gap between the ideal of basic human rights and the reality. However, in recent times China has overtaken the US by at least one measure of total economic strength, which is GDP based on purchasing power parity (PPP). For example, in making the case for why it should be involved in the UKs 5G infrastructure rollout, Huawei styled itself the John Lewis of China, in reference to the well-known British department store that is regularly ranked as one of the UKs most trusted brands. The U.S., on the other hand, is a federal constitutional republic with three governmental branches sharing powers. The Trump administration was determined to damage Chinas economy and businesses. Recognizing that the authoritarian Marxist-Leninist system is accepted in China as not only legitimate but also effective is crucially important if Westerners are to make more-realistic long-term decisions about how to deal with or invest in the country. The founding fathers of USA forecasted their nation to be one that respects and follow basic human rights and Biblical ideas as guidance. In China, however, growth has come in the context of stable communist rule, suggesting that democracy and growth are not inevitably mutually dependent. Earn badges to share on LinkedIn and your resume. And what if the market itself is in China? The United States has a democratic government system with three branches in the system, legislative, executive, and judicial. He was born in China, and his life was upended during the Cultural Revolution, when he was sent off to do farm labor in the Gobi Desert. References Borner, S., Brunetti, A., & Weder, B. (2016). You cant become a senior leader in China without having proved your worth as a manager. Had she been born in 1955 in almost any other major economy in the world, her life would have been much, much more predictable. What's most ironic about this observation is that domestic American politics are nowadays focusing on the merits of diversity, yet its foreign policy is exclusively predicated on conformity. In this interview he talks about the accessibility of the Chinese market, Americas demonization of China, what the Chinese dont understand about the U.S., and more. As market research consistently tells us, the majority of individual Chinese investors behave more like traders. A Marxist system is concerned primarily with economic outcomes. The White Houses China-bashing is more about a fight for self-identification than about exonerating the Trump administration. Only a sudden surge of such events would herald an economic crisis. The critical distinction is that the Chinese system is not only Marxist, its Marxist-Leninist. The United States has had the world's largest economy for about 140 years, and it roughly accounts for 22% of global GDP. For the Chinese, the key to those outcomes is respect for an appropriate hierarchy, itself a means of control. In our experience, many Westerners dont understand what that means or why it matters. A command economy is the opposite of a free economy and it is usually dominated by the government which is always controlling major aspects of businesses. Its aggressive handling of Covid-19in sharp contrast to that of many Western countries with higher death rates and later, less-stringent lockdownshas, if anything, reinforced that view. The past decade has, if anything, strengthened Chinese leaders view that economic reform is possible without liberalizing politics. Wherever PAG operates, we adhere to the same environmental, social, and governance policies. They dont know how socialist it is, with its Social Security system and its policies to tax the rich by collecting capital gains taxes. Ideological competition between China and the U.S. in recent years comes in three basic models: The nationalist hegemony model that ultimately serves U.S. hegemonistic purposes in the international community. Those with low social-credit scores may find themselves prevented from buying an airline ticket or getting a date on an app. Empowered by Xi to deal with the corruption that had become so prevalent early in that decade, the commission can arrest and hold suspects for several months; its decisions cannot be overturned by any other entity in China, not even the supreme court. A decade ago its retail-goods market was about $1.8 trillionless than half that of the United States. As the situation worsened, Trump had to rise and respond, only to find more problems revealing themselves hundreds of thousands of confirmed cases of infections awaiting treatment, medical equipment in short supply, the fatal consequences of the hollowing out U.S. industries. Nolan, P. (2012). Believing, for example, that political freedom would follow the new economic freedoms, they wrongly assumed that Chinas internet would be similar to the freewheeling and often politically disruptive version developed in the West. It is also the duty of the representative republic to inform its citizens of their rights, and the candidacy for the elections needs to be transparent since city council members to local judges to mayors, and state legislators are all appointed through voting in the United States. Many Chinese believe that the countrys recent economic achievements have actually come about because of, not despite, Chinas authoritarian form of government. Some manufacturing has been relocated away from China since the trade war with the U.S. began in 2018, but that hasnt made a dent in either Chinas exports or Americas trade deficit. Entry to the CCP and to a university involves compulsory courses in Marxist-Leninist thought, which has also become part of popular culture, as evidenced by the 2018 TV talk show Marx Got It Right. Some have expressed optimism that Chinas need for control will lessen after theyve proved their worth as partners. China, meanwhile, doesn't apply any such double standards. Nevertheless, these changes do not seem to stand any chance of influencing its foreign policymakers, who remain convinced of their system's superiority relative to all others. The United States and China are different in almost every way in their social norms, administrative policies, economic reforms, and the vastest difference in their political ideology. A major turning point was the financial crisis of 2008, which in Chinese eyes revealed the hollowness of the Washington consensus that democratization and economic success were linked. In the years since, China has become an economic titan, a global leader in technology innovation, and a military superpower, all while tightening its authoritarian system of governmentand reinforcing a belief that the liberal narrative does not apply to China. (2016). What are the biggest risks for Chinas economy in the coming years? Chinas high-speed rail could cover the distance between Boston and Chicago in about four hours, whereas Amtraks fastest service takes 22 hours. Under this view, whether or not other countries are free and democratic, or whether others deem the U.S. to be so, matters less than the economic benefits the U.S. deserves, including a favorable balance of trade and jobs. Since China is a communist and one-party state, citizen engagement is lower in comparison to democratic states. Economic and Political Differences: China VS. United States. A young student in Nanjing can study propulsion physics at Beijings Tsinghua University thanks to social mobility and the partys significant investment in scientific research. Some real differences between the two countries do exist, but they have historically managed them without escalating tensions. Delivery in 6+ hours! This plays out every time a Western company negotiates access to the Chinese market. The Vietnamese premier is very powerful. Comparision between US, UK, and China's Political Systems The United States Of America is a liberal democratic country, and the basic elements of democracy (majority rule, government by popular consent, one person one vote, and competitive elections, to name a few) are revered. A median of 41% across the 14 EU member nations surveyed name China, compared with a median of 39% who say the same about the United States. He wisely noted that "Democracy is not Coca-Cola, which, with the syrup produced by the United States, tastes the same across the world. World economies keep on changing and countries are also made to change for them to remain competitive. The ideological debate that followed was perhaps inevitable. This is the logical extension of China-U.S. competition from the perspective of U.S. economic nationalism. The Leninist nature of politics is also evidenced by the language used to discuss it. As a result, economic growth came in tandem with social progress (through, for example, legislation protecting individual choice and minority rights), which made it easy to imagine that they were two sides of a coin. The Chinese political system is dominated by multiparty cooperation as well as political constitution under the direction of the Communist party of China (CPC), but the USA is governed by the western style of multiparty system. The branches of the government are not only responsible for the laws of the land but are also responsible for ensuring free and fair elections and that the citizens of the country that they represent are being heard (USG, 2020). In the countryside life retained many of its traditional elements. There are other courts in the land such as High Courts and District and County Peoples Courts and Special Courts for military and forestry issues. Changes that have been reported but not yet acted on by BGN are noted. Both countries have a Judicial, Executive, and Legislative branch. The geographic location factor is important since it dictates how well a country can be accessed to do business with and both China and United States have good locations since they are connected to water bodies. Corporatism also recognizes only one organization as its sole representative, which can be seen through the CCP (Chan, 1994). Ideological competition between China and the U.S. in recent years comes in three basic models: The nationalist hegemony model that ultimately serves U.S. hegemonistic purposes in the international community. Moving from Beijing to Shanghai has made my Mandarin worse. Depending on the conditions surrounding a case, the law system allows special consideration to such as a case. Although there are key historical and political differences between China's relationship to Taiwan and Russia's relationship to Ukraine, there are parallels, too, especially in the present . Its a plausible narrative. Not completely and not without very high costs. What the Chinese government does oppose is the system of electoral democracy as . I see no systemic risk either in Chinas banking system or in its economy. Voter suppression has been reported through disenfranchising people of color, through restrictions placed on mail-in voting that can cause irregularities in the system and strict voter ID laws that can contribute to issues that can cause certain people to not place votes(McKeever, 2020). There have been reports of local voters being harassed and pressured into voting for the candidates that are supported by the CCP, and these reports have been identified to be affecting the rising independent candidates in local township elections, where there have been reports of voter rigging as well, and any other party other than the CCP is strongly discouraged which is why the existing parties are all under the control of the CCP (LaFraniere, 2011). The space for the two sides to compromise and collaborate has narrowed extremely rapidly. This review discusses recent efforts to systematically compare three leading values in China's philosophical traditionsmeritocracy, hierarchy, and harmony . The United States has a democratic system, but in countries . At 22,000 miles, it is twice as long as the rest of the worlds combined. 10. Business in the United States moves at a different pace from China. China's Transition from Socialism? Both countries have human rights issues, although in different forms. Lobbying groups have more of an influence on the government of the United States than the citizens themselves, which creates the question if the US is more pluralist or elitist, and the matter of the fact is that the US is not really a representative republic but rather a pluralist oligarchy. The President and the National Peoples Congress, which is the main body of the country, are all elected by the Peoples Congress. In fact, many Chinese believe that the countrys recent economic achievementslarge-scale poverty reduction, huge infrastructure investment, and development as a world-class tech innovatorhave come about because of, not despite, Chinas authoritarian form of government. In conclusion, it is not possible to have a unanimous decision on which political and economic practice is best for the entire universe. The article reflects the author's views and not necessarily those of CGTN. The point is that a China-based supply chain has proved a blessing, not a curse, in this pandemic. A nation that practice individualism and democracy is more likely to have an economic system that is market-based and this is more desirable since it allows businesses to produce what their products maximally thereby making desirable profits. Civic engagement ensures that the government is serving the people and not the other way around. 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